Which type of memory chip is battery-powered and stores BIOS/UEFI settings?

The type of memory chip that is battery-powered and stores BIOS/UEFI settings is CMOS. This technology utilizes a small amount of battery power to maintain data even when the computer is turned off. The CMOS chip contains configuration settings required for the motherboard to perform hardware initialization during the boot process and maintains the system clock.

Unlike other memory types, such as flash memory, which is non-volatile and can retain data without power, or dynamic and static RAM, which are primarily used for system memory and require continuous power to retain data, CMOS specifically serves the purpose of holding BIOS/UEFI settings. Its reliance on a battery allows it to store critical configuration settings over long periods, making it essential for system integrity and functionality.