Which technology is primarily used for communication in IoT systems relying on wireless frequencies?

In Internet of Things (IoT) systems, communication over wireless frequencies is a key component for connecting devices that require low power and cost-effective solutions. Among the available options, protocols such as Z-Wave and ZigBee are specifically designed for such purposes.

These protocols operate in the IEEE 802.15 standard, primarily focused on short-range communication with low power consumption, making them ideal for battery-operated devices commonly found in IoT applications. They facilitate reliable data transmission over wireless networks while ensuring minimal interference and efficient energy use, which is crucial for devices needing to operate for long periods without frequent battery replacements.

In contrast, LAN technologies and Ethernet protocols are more relevant to wired networks and are not primarily designed for the unique requirements of IoT devices that usually demand a wireless communication method. Wide area technologies may involve greater range but often come with higher power consumption and cost, which may not be as suitable for the specific needs of numerous IoT devices spread across homes or businesses. This context highlights why Z-Wave and ZigBee stand out as the primary technologies for wireless communication in IoT environments.