Which of the following best defines threading in computing?

Threading in computing refers to the ability to run multiple threads within a single program. A thread is the smallest unit of processing that can be scheduled by an operating system. Threads are components that allow for concurrent execution within a process, enabling tasks to be performed simultaneously or in a way that is more efficient than single-threaded execution. This is especially important in applications where multiple tasks can be performed at the same time, improving the overall performance and responsiveness of the program.

Using threads allows developers to better utilize CPU resources, particularly in environments where waiting for I/O operations to complete can hinder overall performance. By breaking a program into multiple threads, each thread can handle different tasks such as user interface updates and background processes, leading to a smoother experience for the user.

The other options, while related to computing, do not accurately define threading. The execution of multiple processes on a single CPU refers to multitasking, and the distribution of processes across multiple CPUs pertains to process management rather than threading. The division of tasks into smaller chunks may be a general programming concept but does not specifically relate to the concept of threading as understood in a computing context.