What type of cards are used to add functions or ports not inherently supported by a motherboard?

Expansion cards are designed specifically to add additional functions or connectivity options to a computer system that are not inherently supported by the motherboard. These cards can extend capabilities such as graphics processing, audio functionality, networking, and other features based on the specific needs of the user or application.

When you install an expansion card into a motherboard's PCI or PCIe slot, it allows the system to recognize and utilize the additional hardware. For instance, if a computer needs better graphics performance, a graphics card would be an example of an expansion card added to enhance that specific function. Similarly, network cards can be used for adding Ethernet or wireless capabilities, while sound cards can improve audio outputs.

Graphics cards, network cards, and input cards are all specific types of expansion cards focusing on particular functions, but the term 'expansion cards' encompasses all types of cards that enhance the system’s capabilities. Thus, choosing 'expansion cards' accurately reflects the broad category under which all these specific functionalities fall.