What function does a network scope provide in DHCP?

A network scope in DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is essential because it specifies a range of valid IP addresses that the DHCP server can assign to devices on the network. This range, or scope, includes parameters such as the start and end IP addresses, subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS servers. By defining valid IP addresses, the scope ensures that devices can obtain an IP address dynamically without conflict with other devices, maintaining organized network management.

In the context of the other options, controlling network security settings pertains to firewalls and security policies rather than DHCP. Limiting bandwidth usage is typically managed by quality of service (QoS) settings or network management tools, not DHCP functionalities. Directing traffic between subnets is a routing function, which also lies outside the scope of DHCP. Thus, a network scope specifically delineates which IP addresses can be assigned, making it a critical component for DHCP operations.