How does web caching work in the context of proxy servers?

Web caching in the context of proxy servers improves internet browsing performance and reduces bandwidth usage by retaining a local copy of requested websites. When a user requests a web page, the proxy server first checks its cache to determine if it has a recent copy of that page. If available, the cached version is delivered to the user quickly without having to retrieve the information from the internet again, which can take more time. This mechanism not only speeds up access to frequently visited sites but also helps reduce the load on internet bandwidth, as the same data does not need to be downloaded multiple times.

In situations where the cached copy is outdated or unavailable, the proxy server will then fetch the page from the internet, store it in its cache for future requests, and deliver it to the user. This process enhances user experience and optimizes network efficiency, particularly in environments with multiple users, such as schools or businesses.